Arabic Semitic language is fairly closely related to, for instance, Hebrew language and the Aramaic language spoken throughout Arab world and widely known outside it.
It has been a literary language for over 1500 years, and is the liturgical language Islam.
The term Modern Standard Arabic is sometimes used in the West to refer to the language of the media as opposed to the language of “Classical” Arabic literature; Arabs make no such distinction, and regard the two as identical.
The expressions Arabic and Classical Arabic usually refer to the pure Arabic language which is, according to Arabic speakers, both the language of present-day media across North Africa and the Middle East (from Morocco to Iraq) and the language of the Qur’an.
The Arabic alphabet derives from the Aramaic script (which variety, Nabataean or Syriac, is a matter of scholarly dispute), to which it bears a loose resemblance like that of Coptic or Cyrillic script to Greek script.
Spoken in: Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Gaza Strip, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, West Bank, Yemen by a majority, many other countries as a minority language.
Arabic language alphabet
Exit of letters in the Arabic language and correct pronunciation
The system or phonemic level is one of the important connotations in the Arabic language. Each sound in the language has its own significance. There are many similar words that carry slight differences in the sounds of the word, which leads to a change in its meaning. There are books on phonetics that mainly concern the exits of letters and the sounds of words.
Let’s get acquainted with the sounds of the Arabic language, which are divided into thirty-four sounds in two groups:
The twenty-eight consonant or consonant sounds are represented by the following burns:
Hamza – Baa – Taa – Thaa – Jim – Ha – Kha – Dal – Dhal – Ra – Zai – Sein – Shin – R – D – Taa – Dha – Ayn – Ghain – Faa – Qaf – Kaf – Lam – Mim – Nun – Haa – waw – ya.
There are six vowel sounds:
The long slot is denoted by ( ).
The short aperture is denoted by (A).
The long vibrato is denoted by (and).
The short vibrato is denoted by ( ).
The long kasra is symbolized by (Y).
The short kasra is denoted by ( ).
The letters waw and ya are present in the vowel and silent sounds, so we say the vowel ya is ya madd, while the silent ya is not ya madd, and the same is true with the letter waw.
Read also: The importance of grammar rules in the Arabic language and its origin
Alphabets in the Arabic language
The human body consists of organs and devices, each with its own function, and the speech apparatus has exits for all sounds. Those exits may be based on three organs in the human body, namely:
First the throat:
The farthest part of the throat and two sounds of distraction and hamza come out of it.
In the middle of the throat, there are two sounds, the ha’ and the eye.
At the bottom of the throat, two sounds come out of it, namely the kha and the ghain.
Thus, we conclude that there are 6 ring sounds, which are: Ha, Kha, Al Ain, Ghain and Hamza.
Secondly, the tongue:
There are ten sounds that come out of the tongue, and they are:
The farthest part of the tongue: is closer to the throat, and the sound of the rhyme comes out of it.
The middle of the tongue: Three sounds of jim, shin and ya come out from the middle of the tongue.
The tip of the tongue: the sound of the nun comes out of it when it corresponds to the upper gums of the teeth.
Third tip of the tongue:
Arabic letters exits
Arabic letters exits
The tip of the tongue makes a ra sound with something from the back and alignment of the upper gums of the teeth.
Three sounds come out from the tip of the tongue, the ta’, the ta’, and the dal, along with the origins of the upper folds.
The tip of the tongue, and three sounds come out of it: the sine, the r, and the zai.
Also, three sounds come out from the tip of the tongue: Dhal, Dhaal, Dhaal, and Thaa, along with the ends of the upper folds.
The front edge of the tongue produces the sound of the lam when it adheres to the parallel teeth.
The sound of the thud comes out from the edge of the tongue when upper molars are aligned with it.
Thus, we conclude that the tongue produces about eighteen sounds: jim- ta’- tha- ra- zai- sein- dal- dal- shin- sein- d- ta’- taad- za’- kaf- qaf- nun- lam- and yaa.
Fourth, the lips have two vocal outputs:
Three sounds of waw-mim-baa emerge from between the lips when the lips are closed (lips joined) except for the letter waf which does not include the lips.
The sound of faa comes out when the heads of the upper folds are attached to the lower lip.
The number of lip exit sounds is four, which are the meem – the waw – the fa – the baa, in addition to two exits, one of them for the song.
The other is for the letters of the extension, the first is the nose and the second is the hollow, and we will talk in detail about each section separately.
The nose or the nostrils produce a single sound, which is the chant that accompanies the nun and meem sounds.
Three sounds emerge from the hollow, which are the long vowel letters that are called the letters of the extension.
Thus, we find that the number of sound outputs is about seventeen.
The importance of the Arabic language and knowledge of letters exits
It is important to teach your children the exits of letters in the Arabic language so that they get used to pronouncing correctly,
Where many of the current generations do not understand anything in the Arabic language after the first and last attention was focused on other languages,
Like a foreign language.
Many parents were keen to teach their children the English language from a young age, and did not pay attention to the language of the Islamic nation.
And the language of civilizations for more than a hundred years.
The Arabic language is not just a great cultural heritage passed down from one generation to another, but it is the language of the Holy Qur’an.
How can you read the book of God and its words when you do not know anything about the exits of letters in the Arabic language and do not know the correct pronunciation.
The importance of phonology may lie in functional and phonological significance:
I. Functional importance
The sound gives the language a form and a meaning. A single sentence or a word may have more than one meaning when pronouncing it in more than one form.
For example, the new principal of the school may have two completely different meanings, depending on the way it is pronounced and read.
If you read it in two parts, it means that the school is the new one.
But if you read it once, it means that the principal is well appointed.
Secondly, the importance of pronunciation
Each language has its own sound, which distinguishes it from other languages. For example, the sound of daad is one of the distinctive sounds that made the Arabic language different from all other languages, and the scope will be impossible if it is not able to know the language exits properly.